Reducing the probability of falsely elevated HbA1c results in diabetic patients by applying automated and educative HbA1c re-testing intervals

IntroductionToo frequent HbA1c measurements may lead to unnecessary treatment modifications of diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the percentage of falsely elevated HbA1c results in two hospitals, Landeskrankenhaus/Uniklinikum Salzburg (LKH) and Landesklinik St. Veit (STV), as well as to retrospectively investigate the effect of an automated and an educative 60-day re-testing interval (RTI).MethodsThe amount of estimated falsely elevated results (eFER), based on odds calculated using the baseline and the follow-up values and the time between these measurements, the number of HbA1c re-testings within 60 days as well as the overall number of ordered and performed HbA1c analyses were calculated. In LKH, an automated algorithm cancelling inappropriate HbA1c testing was applied, and in STV, educational actions were taken.ResultsBefore RTI-implementation, eFER were 0.9% and 2.1% and within-60-days-re-testing were 15.0% and 7.4% of cases in LKH and STV, respectively. After RTI-implementation, these numbers decreased to 0.2% (p < .001) and 1.8% (p = .869) and within-60-days-re-testing decreased to 1.1% (p < .001) and 3.6% (p = .003) in LKH and STV, respectively. Median monthly HbA1c measurements decreased by 15.8% (p < .001) and 21.1% (p = .002) in LKH and STV, respectively.ConclusionBoth the educational and the automated 60-day-RTI were proven to be efficient in reducing overall HbA1c measurements, re-testing within 60 days and eFER.     

三维面部影像在面部软组织不对称研究中的进展

面部美学是口腔医学关注的重点内容，而面部软组织对称性是影响面部美学的重要因素，近年来随着三维面部扫描技术及相关软件的发展，使得客观准确地评价面部软组织不对称性成为可能，相较于CBCT技术而言，该法更为便捷且无需担心辐射对患者的影响，因此在临床应用中有比较大的潜力。本文回顾了近年来利用三维面部影像分析面部不对称性的相关研究，梳理了该领域的发展方向以及具体的应用领域。     

Rhythmic interlimb coordination of the lower limbs in multiple sclerosis during auditory pacing to three different frequencies

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system with heterogeneous symptoms. Persons with MS (PwMS) show reduced walking capacity with changes in their gait pattern. It is unknown to which extent coordination deficits are present in PwMS, which can be measured by seated lower leg interlimb coordination tasks, and to which extent they are related to motor and cognitive function.Research questionHow is the control of interlimb coordination of the lower limbs characterized in PwMS compared to healthy controls (HC) during a seated rhythmical coordination task and what is the relationship between interlimb coordination, motor or cognitive function?MethodsRhythmical interlimb coordination was assessed during a single session in 38 PwMS and 13 HC, using a seated rhythmical coordination task, comprising of antiphase flexion-extension of the lower limbs, to metronomes at 0.75 Hz, 1.00 Hz, 1.50 Hz. Outcomes were phase coordination index (PCI), movement amplitude and movement frequency. Correlations between interlimb coordination, motor, and cognitive function were examined.ResultsPwMS showed impaired walking capacity but preserved cognitive function. Mixed model analysis revealed a significant effect of group and metronome frequency for PCI, attenuated by the variability in generating knee (antiphase flexion-extension) movements. Movement amplitude was highest at metronome frequency 1.00 Hz. In PwMS significant correlations were found between PCI and cognitive function when performing the task at metronome frequencies 0.75 Hz and 1.50 Hz, as well as motor function at 1.50 Hz.SignificancePwMS had a higher variability in interlimb coordination compared to HC. The most stable interlimb antiphase coordination mode was performed at 1.00 Hz. Significant correlations support the existence of a relationship between information processing speed, as well as walking impairment, with interlimb coordination. While cognitive and motor control are always needed for interlimb coordination movements, associations are strongest in the deviant higher and lower metronome rhythms.     

真实世界中丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗冠状动脉硬化性心脏病联合用药复杂网络分析＊

目的 本研究为探究丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗冠状动脉硬化性心脏病联合用药优效方案。通过全国19家三甲医院信息系统（hospital information system，HIS）数据库中优效人群联合用药规律探讨冠心病治疗中丹参川芎嗪联合用药方案。方法 全国19家三甲医院4952例患者纳入分析，采用真实世界研究方法及Tabu搜索算法。结果 丹参川芎嗪注射液 + 单硝酸异山梨酯 + 速效救心丸 + 阿卡波糖 + 蛋白水解物，为冠心病中西医联合用药频次最高组合，适宜冠心病心绞痛合并糖尿病及缺血性脑血管疾病患者；丹参川芎嗪注射液 + 维生素复方 + 蛋白水解物 + 硝酸甘油 + 头孢类 + 阿卡波糖为最常见西药搭配，用于冠心病合并消化性溃疡、失眠、炎症及糖尿病；活血化瘀制剂（化瘀通脉剂） + 益气养阴剂 + 清热类中药为使用频率最高组合用于冠心病血瘀证合并气阴两虚或阴虚火旺证。结论 目前临床治疗冠心病越来越关注全身治疗，符合中医整体观念及治未病原则。丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗冠心病联合用药符合最新的冠心病诊疗指南。     

新媒体环境下健康科普视频的创作与传播策略研究

《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》将普及健康知识作为主要目标之一,健康科普已成为公众关注的重要领域,而新媒体已成为公众获取健康知识的主要平台。该研究根据新媒体环境下用户和信息传播的特点,以健康科普视频为实例,制定并研究健康科普视频的创作模式和传播策略,以期对新媒体环境下健康信息普及、公众健康素养提升提供借鉴。     

Development and validation of standardized severity rating scale to assess the consistency of drug-drug interaction severity among various drug information resources

BackgroundThe consistency in reporting the severity of drug interactions across the drug information resources is important in guiding the appropriate clinical use of drug-pairs, to minimize the associated adverse events. This necessitates the need of a standardized severity rating scale, that can accommodate the different severity ratings of the same interacting drug-pair into a reasonable severity category, that can ease the consistency assessment among different drug information resources.ObjectiveTo develop and validate a standardized severity rating scale that can ease the consistency assessment among the various drug information resources.MethodsThe definitions of various severity rating categories as documented in the eight drug information resources was consolidated to develop a standardized severity rating scale. Thus developed rating scale was validated using twenty commonly used drug-pairs. Fleiss' kappa score was used as an indicator for assessing overall consistency among various drug information resources, whereas, Cohen's kappa was used as an indicator of level of consistency between two drug information resources and between individual drug information resource and newly developed standardized severity rating scale.ResultsThe newly developed standardized severity rating scale classifies the severity of drug-drug interactions into three categories namely mild, moderate and major. The Fleiss' kappa score was improved from 0.047 to 0.176, indicating improved strength of agreement [Average pairwise agreement: 16% Vs 36.7%] among various drug information resources. The average pairwise Cohen's kappa was 0.082 [Strength of agreement: poor] in original severity ratings whereas it was improved to 0.198 [Strength of agreement: almost equal to fair] in standardized severity rating scale.ConclusionThe newly developed standardized severity rating scale can be used as a tool to assess the consistency of severity rating categories among the various drug information resources.